CEFR A1

    Can / Can't

    Learn how to use 'can' and 'can't' to talk about ability, possibility, and permission in basic English.

    What You Will Learn About Can and Can't

    Learn to use "can" and "can't" to talk about abilities and permissions. This is one of the most useful and common verbs in English for beginners.

    Use 'can' to talk about abilities (things you are able to do)
    Use 'can't' to talk about things you are not able to do
    Ask questions with 'Can you...?'
    Use 'can' to ask for permission politely

    What are Can and Can't?

    CAN expresses ability (something you are able to do) or permission (something you are allowed to do).

    I can swim.She can speak French.Can I open the window?You can sit here.

    Form

    Can never changes: I/you/he/she/we/they can. Always use the base verb after can: 'She can swim.' ✗ 'She can swims / can swimming.'

    "Can" and "can't" are modal verbs that help us talk about abilities, possibilities, and permissions. They are very easy to use because they don't change with different subjects.

    Can = Able to do something

    • I can swim.

    • She can speak Spanish.

    • They can play guitar.

    • We can see the mountain.

    Can't = Not able to do something

    • I can't fly.

    • He can't drive.

    • They can't come today.

    • We can't hear you.

    Quick Test!

    Can or can't?

    ✓ Birds can fly. (ability)

    ✓ Fish can't walk. (no ability)

    ✓ Children can run. (ability)

    ✓ Babies can't talk. (no ability)

    The Story of the Swimming Lesson

    Imagine a boy named Tom. He is at the swimming pool with his friends. His friends jump into the water and swim across the pool.

    ""I can't swim," says Tom. He watches his friends from the side."

    "His teacher says: "Don't worry, Tom. I can help you. Can you put your face in the water?""

    "Tom tries. "Yes, I can do it!" he says with a big smile."

    "After many lessons, Tom says: "Look! I can swim! I can swim to the other side!""

    Tom learned that 'can't' is not forever. With practice, 'I can't' becomes 'I can!'

    How to Use Can and Can't

    The best part about "can" is that it's very simple! It doesn't change with different subjects.

    Positive

    Subject + can + base verb

    I can speak

    You can swim

    She can cook

    They can play

    Negative

    Subject + can't + base verb

    I can't speak

    You can't swim

    He can't cook

    We can't play

    Questions

    Can + subject + base verb

    Can I speak?

    Can you swim?

    Can she cook?

    Can they play?

    The Easy Rule!

    I
    I can
    You
    You can
    He/She/It
    He can
    We/They
    We can

    Remember: "Can" is always the same! No -s, no -ed, no changes!

    Try It

    Complete the sentences:

    1. I __________ (speak) three languages.

    2. She __________ (not/dance) very well.

    3. __________ you __________ (play) the guitar?

    💡 Check your answers

    1. can speak

    2. can't dance

    3. Can / play

    When to Use Can and Can't

    "Can" and "can't" have three main uses. All of them are very useful for everyday English.

    Ability

    Things you know how to do

    I can swim.

    She can cook.

    Skills and talents

    Permission

    Asking for things

    Can I go to the toilet?

    Can we play here?

    Polite requests

    Possibility

    Things that are possible

    We can meet tomorrow.

    You can call me later.

    Options and opportunities

    Real Examples

    Ability: My brother can play the piano very well.
    Permission: Can I borrow your pen, please?
    Possibility: We can go to the park if you want.

    Want to try a Can and Can't quiz?

    Practice with multiple choice questions

    Common Verbs with Can

    These are the most common verbs used with "can" and "can't" in everyday English.

    Speak

    I can speak English.

    Swim

    She can swim fast.

    Cook

    He can cook pasta.

    Drive

    They can drive a car.

    More Useful Verbs

    play
    play football
    dance
    dance well
    sing
    sing songs
    read
    read books
    write
    write emails
    help
    help you

    Practice with These Verbs

    • Can you speak Spanish?

    • I can cook Italian food.

    • My father can drive a truck.

    • Children can learn quickly.

    Ready to test your Can and Can't knowledge?

    Challenge yourself with fill-in-the-blank exercises

    Common Mistakes

    ❌ I can speaks English.

    ✓ I can speak English.

    ❌ She cans swim.

    ✓ She can swim.

    ❌ Can you to help me?

    ✓ Can you help me?

    ❌ He don't can drive.

    ✓ He can't drive.

    ❌ Do you can cook?

    ✓ Can you cook?

    ❌ We can playing football.

    ✓ We can play football.

    Master Can and Can't sentence building!

    Drag and drop words to form correct sentences

    Practice Tips

    Remember: 'can' doesn't change! Never add -s, -ed, or -ing to "can"
    Use the base form of the verb after can/can't (no "to")
    Make a list of things you can do and things you can't do
    Practice asking for permission: "Can I...?", "Can we...?"
    Talk about your family: "My mother can...", "My brother can't..."
    Watch children's videos in English - they use "can" and "can't" a lot!
    Use the speaking practice section to improve your pronunciation of "can" and "can't"

    Speaking Practice

    To practice your pronunciation, listen to the native speaker audio first. Then 'Record' yourself repeating what you heard, then use the 'Playback' button to compare your pronunciation with the native speaker. If you want to record yourself again, simply click 'Delete'!

    I can speak English.

    She can swim very well.

    We can play football.

    He can't drive a car.

    They can't speak Chinese.

    Can you cook pasta?

    Can she play the piano?

    I can help you with your homework.

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